| Collection: | Corinth | |
| Type: | Basket | |
| Name: | Temple E, Southeast, context 943 | |
| Area: | Temple E, Southeast | |
| Context Type: | deposit | |
| Title: | Fill within Grave 2016-03 along Wall 20 | |
| Category: | Deposit | |
| Notebook: | 1110 | |
| Context: | 943 | |
| Date: | 2016/05/10 | |
| Stratum: | Soil includes stone tiles, fine, medium, and coarse pebbles, cobbles, and red clay clumps. | |
| Description: | Top slope of the context is level. The soil color is dark reddish brown. The soil compaction is firm. The soil is poorly sorted. It is silty clay. | |
| Notes: | The excavation of this fill was begun to explore the cut mark observed in the center of context 923. Loose human bone is coming out of the upper levels including metatrasals, sacral fragments, arm bones - all in the eastern end of the deposit. A left scapula lying flat was revealed along the SE corner. In the upper level, ribs, a sacrum, a radius, multiple vertebrae and ribs were recovered. These may be from a disturbed burial or dumped in on top of an earlier burial. There are at least two adult individuals represented by two right tali. Coin 138 was found in situ at N 1074.60 E 126.75 H 85.176 A juvenile mandible was found lower than the initial ca. 5 cm pass at the east end. A pile of bones is appearing in the SE corner including the previously mentioned scapula, a tibia, a humerus, a rib, and a femur. This pile was given its own skeleton context number 945. The associated cut is context 944. The level below the bone pile is potentially revealing a stone line cist. A left humerus is appearing on the SW corner of the cist. Coin 139 was found in the sieve. 2016/05/11 - The cist was reused multiple times with multiple cuts appearing (two thus far). There was a large concrete like inclusion excavated from beneath the pile of bones - this indicates that reopening of the cist tomb likely dug through a concrete floor. Coin 142 found in sieve. A number of ceramic tile fragments were excavated at the level of the tope of the stones lineng the cist - they were likely a cover for the original grave. A pile of bones (designated skeleton 952) are appearing in the western half of the deposit, inside the boundaries of the cist about at the level of the top of the stones. A left humerus was taken out from on tope of the pile prior to the reveleation of the other bones. This pile includes ribs, an os coxa, two femora, a tibia, and a scapula thus far. Now that the stones lining the cist have been better revealed, they appear to be in a rectangular configuration. A skull has been revelaed in the east end of the deposit, facing east (the rest of the burial is to the west. This skull was designated skeleton 953. It appears to be resting on top of potentially articulated feet. These feet may be in an anatomically correct configuration suggesting that they are the feet of the individual buried at the bottom of the tomb. 2016/05/12 Further excavation has revealed that the west bone pile was just the higest of a much wider spread jumble of bones that includes the skull in the east. Therefore, the skull was included in the same skeleton number (952). In the course of excavating the jumble of bones, a disturbed pile of ceramic tiles was revealed in the west end of the burial. These tiles appear to be from another burial to the west (the skull is currently sticking out of the north wall of Grave 2014-06). The current working hypothesis hypothesis for the order of the tombs: -The original cist was put in first -Then the tile covered burial from the west side (with the skull) was put in bascially on top but to the west of the cist. It may have even used the stone lining a bit in the east. -Next, people attempted to reopen the western tomb, but were discouraged by the tile covering and opted to use the space above the cist as a secondary burial place for at least 3 individuals represented by the jumbled piel of bones withing the stone lining of the cist.* *Further excavation has revealed a primary inhumation of which the cranium is likely under the tile fragments in the east end. This altars the hypothesis and suggests that the individuals represented by the jumble may have been earlier burials that were removed from the cist tomb to make room for the primary inhumation and then redeposited with the fill for the grave. -The area was opened a third time, as evidenced by cut 944 and the pile of bones above the cist (ske 945). 2016/05/13 We continued removing the jumbled layer of bones (Ske 952). As we removed the visible bones, we uncovered portions of elements previously stickout out partially. A t first I though tthey might be going uder the primary inhumations, but further excavation showed that they were not beneath, but laying along side and in between the elemnts of the primary inhumation. I have also noticed that the long bones are all more or less lying parallel with the primary burial albiet in no sort of anatomical order. At least 3 os coxae and a skull from the jumble fell to the north side of the burial, beside the primary inhumation. A juvenile tibia and femur fell between the legs. Two tibia facing E-W, not W-E fell to the north of the left tibia of the primary burial. 2016/0516 The inhumed skeleton (956) was removed by myself (KES) Friday (05/13) afternoon. Kostos excavated the rest of the burial today (to the bottom of the cut). At the western end, under the cranium, we found a large that it would have been resting on. More human bone was mixed with the fill including vertebrae and a fiarly complete sacrum (its placement at the western end of the burial suggests that it might be associated with the burial found corresponding with the extenuatio of the grave cut 944). The posterior portion of a cranium embedded in the NE scarp of Grave 2014-06 was exposed as well. This skull may not have orginally been buried within Grave 2016-03, but might represent scattered bone on top of an adjacent burial that the burial cut associated with skeleton 956 cut into. The bottom of the north stone of the cist structure (950) has been found. It looks like there is white concrete like material wdged beneath the stone. The cut mark for this Grave 2016-03 extneds to the west and encompasses the skull protruding from the north scarp of Grave 2014-06. Grave 2014-06 would have cut Grave 2016-03. While cut 944 extends to the west, does cut 946 do the same? Cut 946 may represent the bottome of remnant fill left over from a previous use of the tomb. Cut 944 looks like it was the original cut for the grave which was reopened for the burial of skeleton 956 and left a slopng layer of fill from the previous burial. Kostos took out the fill (958) and bone pile (Ske 959) in the west, but then cleaned the bottome of the east end, which was sieved and combined with the pottery for deposit 943). | |
| Context Pottery: | Fineware. metallic ware, unslipped (1275-1335), pitcher. 2 rims. 1 bodysherd. ; Fineware. veneto, bowl. 1 bodysherd. rouletted; Coarseware. matt painted, pitcher. 1 handle. 11 bodysherds. ; Fineware. late sgraffito, slipped style VII (1250-1300), bowl. 1 rim. ; Fineware. 13th c1 bodysherd. ; Fineware. slipped plain glazed (1100-1300)2 rims. 4 bodysherds. ; Fineware. Preroman49 bodysherds. ; Fineware. veneto, bowl. 1 bodysherd. ; Fineware. Roman21 bodysherds. ; Fineware. 12th c1 bodysherd. | |
| Pottery Summary: | 89 frag(s) 0.22 kg. (0% saved) fineware. | |
| 741 frag(s) 4.7 kg. (0% saved) coarseware. | ||
| 221 frag(s) 1.24 kg. (0% saved) cooking ware. | ||
| Context Artifacts: | bronze shaft square 1; Iron nail heads 3; Fish vertebra 1; iron nail oval shaft 1 L0.063; glass clear blueish 1; glass clear colorless rim 8, bs 20, handle 2 (1 is lamp); glass red 1 (saved to lot); Iron tacks 2; glass clear greenish rim 5, bs 36; obsidian flake 1; iron nails square shafts 4 complete (L 0.105; 0.069; 0.079; 0.056), 11 incomplete; bronze flat strips 3; glass clear colorless with blue thread bs 8; bronze lumps 2; charcoal 31; plaster red 2; glass clear blueish bs 5; iron nail round shaft 1; glass clear colorless 2; Iron lump 1; plaster red stripes 1; glass clear greenish 3 | |
| Period: | Frankish (1210-1458 AD) | |
| Chronology: | 14th | |
| Grid: | 127.5-125.5E, 1074.05-1074.85N | |
| XMin: | 125.5 | |
| XMax: | 127.5 | |
| YMin: | 1074.05 | |
| YMax: | 1074.85 | |
| Site: | Corinth | |
| City: | Ancient Corinth | |
| Country: | Greece | |
| Masl: | 84.79-85.239m. | |
| References: | Image: digital 2016 0351 Image: digital 2016 0403 Image: digital 2016 0404 Objects (4) Coin: 2016 138 Coin: 2016 139 Coin: 2016 142 |
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